7/17/2019 We met with Alex again and he took us to the Klamath tribe research facility, where he gave us a lecture on the Klamath River basin and its history. In 1907 with the Klamath Recreation Act the lands were to be drained and then made into something useful for agriculture, they made a canal in order to drain the lakes into the river and other places. Then in 1954 the Termination Act was the end of the assimilation period for the tribes and were no longer recognized, but then in 1986 the tribes petitioned for the right to be recognized again. There were 13 native fish species in the Klamath River and 7 of them are an endemic species. The L’waam (lost river sucker), and Koptu (short nose sucker) are two important food sources for the tribes. In 1988 both were listed as endangered, for ceremonies they only take one or two fish instead of hunting for them as they used too. These fish are long lived, living up to 33 and 55 years old, there have been no new born fish introduced in
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7/16/2019 We got up early to get our trail cameras, we only caught deer but another group captured vultures. After this we left at 8:30 so we can visit Crater Lake, one of the other students really wanted to go to see this place and so Jessica made it happen. The view was absolutely stunning and I was surprised to see snow on the ground still. Crater Lake got its name in 1869 after a newspaper editor Jim Sutton from Jacksonville who explored with several others, its first name was GIIWAAS which means a most sacred place, and The Klamath Indian tribe was the one to name it. The mountain is Mt Mazama and around 7,700 it collapsed in on itself. Many eruptions after sealed the bottom of the volcano so that rain and snow melt filled its basin allowing the lake to form. During this time a caldera was formed now named Wizard Island, it’s a volcano within a volcano, its top is 90 m wide and is 27 m deep, and the island height is 233 m tall. The lake deepest point is 592 m deep. The group
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7/15/2019 All of the environmental majors went with Jessica and Monte to visit with the forest ranges in the bend national forest. We met with Marlo F. and Chermane P. they are both botanists for the Bent Rock ranger and forest district. They place they brought us to was pike mountain area habitat type shrub step, off of 216 road. The conditions were partly cloudy and the clouds were increasing, we felt a few drops but nothing serious. They told us that we were going to be counting the number of green tinged paint brushes, or also called the Castilleja Chlorotica which are found only in central Oregon. The reason we were counting these plants was because the Fire management wanted to do a prescribed burn in the area but the problem is that the paint brushes are on the forest service sensitive list and are an endemic species. This means that as it only grows in Oregon it is considered a rare plant, not endangered but it is part of their job to make sure it does not become endangered
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7/14/2019 Today we went to the shoots river, we are camping next to one of the rivers that drains into the shoots we went on a hike near it. It was about a three mile hike, and it was and wasn’t fun. It was beautiful and really refreshing to go on a hike so early in the morning, but I got sun burnt. I’ve never been burn before so I’ve learned that it’s not a situation I want to happen again. Other than that the hike was fine, lots of people were jogging. Actually there was two different marathons going on, they had closed many of the roads in order to let bicyclists and runners past. I’ve never seen a marathon in action so I was surprised by how many people were running and bicycling all together. After this Jessica brought us to her friend Joys house in the Bend, it was at this time that David had to leave us but we were all very thankful for the time he took out of his schedule to be there for us and hope to hear from him again. After this we were then able to take showers w
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7/13/2019 We got to sleep in till 8 and then for breakfast we made eggs, hash browns, bacon, leftover oatmeal, breakfast burritos, and had hot chocolate with whip cream, it was quit the spread. Then we set up our trail cameras. We set one up in a meadow that we saw animal trails lead to, our second camera we set by the river so that it can capture the right side of the bank which had less vegetation so animals have an easier time getting to the river. The third camera we hiked up a road that said lead to the swamp but on the trail we found a half-eaten chipmunk and set the camera facing towards it in hope whatever ate it will come back. We returned to camp and wrote some more on our blog then at around 4 we left to lava lake campground and went swimming. The water was not to cold or too warm but really refreshing and had a spectacular view of the mountains. I had my water shoes on which I was thankful for as when you got to a certain point the ground turned mushy when you walked on
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7/12/2019 At 10:30 we arrived at Lava Butte and hiked up to a view point to see the side of which the lava flowed out of. The museum inside told us of how long ago the lava erupted and how it formed its shape. It was 300,000 years ago when the Newberry volcano erupted, the magma chamber was emptied causing it to collapse in on its self, forming a caldera. More eruptions later and it was back to the way it looks but by 80,000 years ago the same situation happened and another caldera was formed which is why it looks like it does today. Lava Butte is 7,000 year old cinder cone at the edge of the Newberry volcano, because of the pressure buildup it finally exploded out of the weakest side so all the lava flowed out of one side so only trees grow on the side of the mountain that no lava flowed out of. We also learned that the collapsed in space filled with water and made natural glacial lakes. We waked to a viewpoint on the side of the cinder cone that over looked the side of where the
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7/11/2019 We were packed and ready to go by 7:30 when Claude S. and Evet came to the fire management to greet us. They gave us a brief overview of the forestry and its relationship with the logging industry. They then took us to a couple of active logging sites in the forest and showed us the different machinery. We got to see the machines in action as they brought them down and stacked them into piles. Claude showed us how they can determine how much a log will provide in terms of how many boards it will produce. The site that we were taken to was east bearer 217-219 log block #80 and it is projected to make 2 million board feet. The way they measure it is that if a tree is 41 feet long the company will only pay for 40 feet of it, that extra foot is for if there is any rot that needs to be cut off and such. The tree that is 40’ long and 24’’ in diameter will give 500 board feet. They can then estimate that if a truck can carry at least between 10 and 14 of these trees it can make